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November 14, 2025Scientific ReportsOpen Access

Bivalent SARS-CoV-2 spike immunization with non-replicative antibiotic resistance-free DNA vaccine induces immunity to multiple virus variants

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Authors

JLJaime LarragaPNPablo Nogales-AltozanoLGLaro Gómez-Marcos

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Overview

Immunogenicity findings show the non-replicative DNA vaccine elicits protective antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Key Points

  • This research aims to evaluate a DNA vaccine's ability to induce immunity against various SARS-CoV-2 variants.
  • Assessed immunogenicity and protective efficacy of non-replicative DNA vaccine
  • K18-hACE2 mice received prime-boost-boost vaccination with plasmids expressing spike proteins
  • Measured antibody responses and viral replication
  • The vaccine induced robust antibody responses against multiple spike proteins
  • Promoted a Th1 bias immune response with increased IgG2a/c levels
  • Vaccinated mice showed reduced viral replication after lethal challenge with Wuhan isolate.

Cite This Study

Larraga et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69251999c0ce034ddc3539ddhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-23919-7
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Also Consider

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  1. 1A six-proline stabilized trimeric spike DNA vaccine induces robust immunity and protects against SARS-CoV-2 delta challenge in K18-hACE2 transgenic mice2026
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  3. 3Induction of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants by a multivalent mRNA-lipid nanoparticle vaccine encoding SARS-CoV-2/SARS-CoV Spike protein receptor-binding domains in mice2024
  4. 4Multivalent and Sequential Heterologous Spike Protein Vaccinations Effectively Induce Protective Humoral Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Variants2024 · 6 citations
  5. 5Immunogenicity and protection efficacy of a COVID-19 DNA vaccine encoding spike protein with D614G mutation and optimization of large-scale DNA vaccine production2024 · 7 citations