Trends in adrenal cancer mortality in the US: Regional, demographic and geographic disparities from 1999 to 2020

Early-stage adrenal cancer has a 5-year survival rate of 50% to 60% which drops to 10% to 20% following metastasis. We aim to identify the adrenal cancer mortality patterns across various demographics and geographies in the U.S. from 1999 to 2020 by using a national database. Death certificate-associated datasets were retrieved from the CDC WONDER database using the ICD-10 code C74 to identify adrenal cancer patients. age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated per million population along with annual percent changes in them for all the stratifications, including sex, race, and geography. Overall, 14,622 mortalities were attributed to adrenal cancer, with AAMR decreasing from 2.429 in 1999 to 2.068 in 2020 (APC–0.7804; P <.05). Males (2.21) and non-Hispanic Whites (2.16) exhibited the highest rates. Older adults (6.09) reported the highest AAMR compared with younger populations. Further peak rates were observed among the residents of non-metropolitan areas (2.32) and the Midwest region (2.23). Overall, the mortality rates declined, but significant demographic and regional disparities exist, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions chiefly for older individuals, men, and those in non-metropolitan areas.