November 14, 2025The European Physical Journal PlusOpen Access

Are Bell’s conditions for local realism general enough?

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Local realism can be challenged by a new model based on physical conditions in optical experiments, and coincidence-time loophole may allow violations.
Bell's proposed responses to signals are criticized as overly idealized, creating implications for the understanding of local realism.
The research reevaluates the criteria set by Bell, focusing particularly on its applicability to optical experiments and detectors.
Significant challenges to Bell's conditions emerge from the proposed realistic local model, necessitating further exploration of experimental setups.

Implication

Critique reveals that idealized detector responses can violate the Clauser–Horne inequality, suggesting a local model.

Abstract

Bell conditions for local realism are critically revisited. In particular for optical experiments I criticize Bell’s proposed response of detectors to signals as extremely idealized. More physical conditions are proposed, whence a realistic local model of an optical experiment is possible which violates the Clauser–Horne (Bell) inequality. The possibility rests on the existence of a coincidence-time loophole in the experiments.

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Cite This Study

Santos et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/692519a2c0ce034ddc353be9 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-07010-8

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Implication

Critique reveals that idealized detector responses can violate the Clauser–Horne inequality, suggesting a local model.

Are Bell’s conditions for local realism general enough?

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Are Bell’s conditions for local realism general enough?

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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