Advances in imaging techniques for surgical management of common lacrimal drainage disorders

Lacrimal drainage disorders, encompassing pathologies such as nasolacrimal duct obstruction, dacryocystitis, and lacrimal sac neoplasms, are prevalent ophthalmic conditions characterized by epiphora and recurrent infection. While surgical intervention remains the cornerstone of management, the integration of advanced imaging modalities has revolutionized the diagnostic and therapeutic paradigm for lacrimal drainage disorders. This review synthesizes recent advances in imaging techniques and their multidimensional applications in etiological identification, preoperative planning, intraoperative navigation, and postoperative monitoring, significantly improving the safety and efficacy of these procedures. We critically evaluate the clinical utility of these modalities, emphasizing their role in enhancing procedural precision and reducing complication rates. Furthermore, we discuss the current advantages and limitations of imaging in clinical practice, aiming to provide clinicians with evidence-based insights for optimizing individualized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.