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November 8, 2025Acta Microbiologica HellenicaOpen Access

West Nile Virus: Insights into Microbiology, Epidemiology, and Clinical Burden

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Authors

AMAndrea MarinoEVErmanno VitaleAMAntonino Maniaci

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Overview

This review examines the microbiology, epidemiology, and risk factors of West Nile Virus infections, indicating ongoing public health challenges.

Key Points

  • This review aims to provide an overview of the microbiology and clinical burden of West Nile Virus (WNV).
  • Reviewed epidemiological data and clinical outcomes related to WNV.
  • Analyzed molecular biology aspects including viral pathogenesis and immune evasion.
  • Evaluated transmission dynamics involving Culex mosquitoes and avian hosts.
  • Critically assessed current diagnosis and vector control strategies.
  • Outlined challenges in vaccine development and antiviral therapies.
  • West Nile Virus remains a leading cause of arboviral neuroinvasive disease globally.
  • Risk factors for severe outcomes in older and immunocompromised individuals were identified.
  • Current approaches to diagnosis and management are limited, underscoring the need for better therapies.

Cite This Study

Marino et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69253a35c0ce034ddc357bbehttps://doi.org/10.3390/amh70040044
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1The Global Ecology and Epidemiology of West Nile Virus2015 · 623 citations
  2. 2Global emergence of West Nile virus2021 · 44 citations
  3. 3West Nile virus: epidemiology, prevention, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and open research questions2026 · 4 citations
  4. 4West Nile Virus: Epidemiology, Surveillance, and Prophylaxis with a Comparative Insight from Italy and Iran2026 · 11 citations
  5. 5West Nile Virus Neuroinvasive Disease: A Retrospective Analysis of Hospitalized Cases in a Tertiary Care Center in Southern Europe2025 · 1 citations