DISP-29. Language Barriers in Neurosurgery: An Observational and Retrospective Analysis of the Consent Process

BACKGROUND Clear, effective communication is critical to the neurosurgical consent process. Language discordance between patients and providers may contribute to delays, reduced comprehension, and increased complexity, particularly when interpreter services are required. OBJECTIVE To analyze the impact of language barriers on neurosurgical consultations through a combination of structured observation and retrospective review. METHODS A mixed-methods analysis was conducted during a two-week neurosurgical rotation. Medical students observed a series of patient consultations, documenting consultation duration, the use of interpreter services, frequency of repeated explanations, and family involvement. Observations were supplemented by retrospective review of clinical notes and interpreter service logs for the same encounters to validate findings and assess workflow implications. RESULTS Interpreter-based consultations were on average longer than English-only visits. These encounters often required repeated clarification and demonstrated greater involvement of patient family members in decision-making. Chart review corroborated observational data, revealing consistent documentation of communication challenges and interpreter utilization. CONCLUSION This study highlights the added complexity introduced by language barriers in neurosurgical care. Both observational and retrospective analyses suggest a need for streamlined interpreter integration and more structured communication protocols to ensure informed consent is equitable and effective for all patients. KEYWORDS Language Barriers, Neurosurgery, Informed Consent, Interpreter Use, Health Equity