This analysis demonstrates high efficiency in antennas for 5G and wearable applications, suggesting flexibility improves telecommunications performance.
As demand for high‐speed data increases, 5G has become the leading technology in telecommunications. A key aspect of creating high‐capacity, low‐latency systems is the design of antennas. This paper introduces an antenna crafted from innovative pure polytetrafluoroethylene (P‐PTFE) material with a dielectric constant (ε r ) of 2.1 and a loss tangent (δ) of 0.0002, recognized for its flexibility and resistance to heat and chemicals. This material offers several advantages for the proposed antenna, including a compact size of 18 × 22 × 1.6 mm³, making it suitable for wearable applications, and the ability to operate over a wide frequency range from 2.7 GHz to 100 GHz. Two models for antenna design were developed: one was simulated using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio, and the other was based on actual manufacturing. Discussions addressed all parameters to evaluate performance. The antenna achieves a wide bandwidth of 81.979 GHz, with the S‐parameter remaining below −10 dB from 2.7 to 100 GHz. Additionally, this antenna offers a gain range of 3–11.60 dBi and exhibits an overall efficiency of 70%–92% across all frequency bands. These attributes make the antenna fabricated from innovative P‐PTFE material well‐suited for a wide range of 5G and future 6G applications.
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Muttair et al. (2025) studied this question.
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