309 Burden of Anemia and Thrombocytopenia among Acute Leukemia Adult and Adolescent Ethiopians Jemal Alemu 1 Amha Gebremedhin 2, Rawleigh Howe 3 1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2 Department of Internal Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 3 Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Introduction/Objective The prevalence of anemia and thrombocytopenia in acute leukemia cases is not well documented in Ethiopia, hence we aimed to determine this among adult and adolescent individuals. Methods/Case Report A cross-sectional study was conducted among consecutively admitted patients from April 2019 to June 2021. Chi-square was used to asses associations between variables. Results Out of a total 176 cases aged from 13 to 76, 62% (109/176) and 38% (67/176) were male and female respectively. The mean Hemoglobin values of female and male was 2.5gm/dl and 8.3gm/dl of blood respectively. More than 98% of females and all males were anemic; 49% of females and 39.4% of males as well as 40 % and 60 % of adolescent and adult cases respectively had developed severe anemia. The median platelet count was 29000/dl, IQR [12250-63750]. More than 65.9% of the cases; moreover, 57 % (30/35) and 68% (96/141) of adolescent and adult cases, respectively, had developed severe thrombocytopenia. Furthermore, the majority of cases who developed severe anemia had severe thrombocytopenia, and this was statistically significant in females (P = 0.03). Conclusion The burden of anemia and thrombocytopenia was high. We advise clinicians handling those cases to pay attention to the risk of anemia and bleeding.