Medicinal Plant Cayratia Trifolia Leaf Extract Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Evaluation of Their Anticancer Activity and HSA Binding Properties

Eco‐friendly and safe production of silver nanoparticles from the renewable medicinal plant Cayratia trifolia (CT‐AgNPs) was achieved by the modified green synthetic method and characterised by UV‐visible spectroscopy, FT‐IR Spectroscopy, HR‐TEM, FE‐SEM, zeta potential and XPS techniques. The anticancer potential of CT‐AgNPs was tested against human brain glioblastoma LN‐229 cell lines. Several spectroscopic techniques were used to analyse the binding affinity of CT‐AgNPs towards HSA. Fluorescence spectroscopic investigations suggested a remarkable binding affinity of CT‐AgNPs towards HSA. Calculated thermodynamic parameters (Δ G , Δ H , and Δ S ) from the ITC experiment at four different temperatures suggested that CT‐AgNPs–HSA complexation occurs spontaneously, and hydrophobic force plays a major role in this interaction. The fluorescence lifetime estimation confirmed the existence of a static binding process between CT‐AgNPs and HSA. CD spectroscopy suggested a minimal secondary structural perturbation of HSA in the CT‐AgNPs–HSA complex. The increasing negative zeta potential of CT‐AgNPs–HSA complex compared to CT‐AgNPs only proposed that the adherence of HSA to the exterior surfaces of CT‐AgNPs raises the stability of the dispersed phase and decreases aggregation probability.