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October 30, 2025Frontiers.Open Access

Biological and Clinical Subtypes in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of Recent Advances in Phenotypic and Genetic Classification

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Authors

VCVicente Cardenas

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Overview

Review highlights how personalized medicine and genomic data improve prognosis in autism spectrum disorder, suggesting new classifications and treatment approaches.

Key Points

  • To review recent literature on ASD classification focusing on clinical, phenotypic, and genomic data.
  • Narrative review of articles published between 2018 and 2024
  • Search in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science
  • Focus on autism subtypes, phenotypic clustering, and genetic architecture
  • Identified at least four clinical-biological ASD subtypes
  • Subtypes include social challenges and developmental delay
  • Distinctive patterns in symptoms and genetic architecture noted
  • Both de novo mutations and inherited variants influence subtypes classification

Cite This Study

Vicente Cardenas (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69254f92c0ce034ddc359ac2https://doi.org/10.11648/j.frontiers.20250504.11
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1From heterogeneity to translation: data‑driven subtyping of autism in a multilevel framework2026
  2. 2Multimodality Integration of Neural Social Activation and Social and Language Scores Reveals Three Replicable Profound and Milder Autism Subtypes With Divergent Clinical Outcomes2024 · 2 citations
  3. 3Applying biologically anchored subtypes to advance precision medicine in autism spectrum disorder2025 · 3 citations
  4. 4Beyond the Spectrum: Subtype-Specific Molecular Insights into Autism Spectrum Disorder Via Integrated Transcriptomic Analysis2024
  5. 5Transcriptomic analysis in autism spectrum disorder suggests three molecular subtypes with distinct phenotypic profiles and functional pathways2026