The Influence of Structural and Design Solutions on the Fire Resistance Limit of Load-Bearing Elements in Public Buildings

The fire resistance limit of load–bearing structures is one of the key parameters determining the safety of public buildings in case of fire. Structural and design solutions have a significant impact on the ability of building elements to maintain their load-bearing functions under thermal conditions. Materials, cross-section shapes, fire protection methods, architectural planning and spatial solutions providing the required level of fire resistance are considered. The design features of reinforced concrete, steel and wooden structures are analyzed from the point of view of increasing their fire resistance. The necessity of an integrated approach to ensuring the fire resistance of load-bearing elements, including modeling the behavior of structures in case of fire and the use of modern software tools, is substantiated. The results of the study can be used in the design and examination of public buildings.