What type of study is this?

This is a Systematic Review study.

What question did this study set out to answer?

This review assesses the performance of artificial intelligence in orthopaedic surgery relative to human surgeons.

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Systematic review compares artificial intelligence and surgeons in orthopaedic decision support, highlighting strengths and limitations.

This review assesses the performance of artificial intelligence in orthopaedic surgery relative to human surgeons.
Conducted a systematic review using OVID Medline
Identified relevant studies published until 13 August 2025
Categorized studies into decision making, management plans, clinical knowledge, and quality control.
AI showed high sensitivity (97% vs. 90%) in identifying patients with meaningful improvements, but lower specificity (33% vs. 63%) and accuracy (65% vs. 76%) compared to surgeons.
AI outperformed surgeons in emergency scenarios and patient FAQs, scoring higher in quality metrics (4.4 vs. 3.5–3.7).
Residents scored higher than AI in examinations (74.2% vs. 47.2%).
AI showed limited accuracy (35%) in knee osteoarthritis radiographic staging compared to over 80% for surgeons.

Russell et al. (2025) studied this question.

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