Contemporary advances in aortic disease: From treatment innovation to artificial intelligence integration

Aortic disease remains a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Advances in the understanding of its epidemiology, pathophysiology, and anatomical classification have strengthened the clinical foundation for risk assessment and therapeutic decision-making. The evolution of endovascular and hybrid surgical strategies has expanded treatment options for complex aortic pathology involving the ascending aorta, arch, and root, while improving the feasibility and safety of minimally invasive interventions. At the same time, artificial intelligence is being integrated into aortic care through the applications in diagnostic support, imaging analysis, and outcome prediction. Collectively, these developments signal a shift toward more precise, less invasive, and increasingly data-driven approaches in the management of aortic disease.