Comparison of the Population of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici on Bread Wheat in the Krasnoyarsk Krai with Some Domestic Populations of the Pathogen by Virulence and Polymorphism of Microsatellite Loci

Updated notes on the genetic structure of the East Siberian population of the wheat stem rust is not available in the modern literature. The aim of the study was to identify the races of the fungus found on bread wheat in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, and to compare data on virulence and DNA polymorphism of microsatellite repeats in the pathogen samples from neighboring regions. Race diversity of the Krasnoyarsk samples was low: out of 48 single pustule isolates of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, only four races were identified. Local races differ in onetwo virulence genes, but more than 5 genes from races from the Omsk and Novosibirsk regions and the Altai Krai identified at the same time in samples. The tested samples of Eastern Siberian were 100% avirulence to the wide list of wheat resistance genes: Sr7b, Sr9d, Sr9e, Sr17, Sr21, Sr24, Sr30, Sr31, Sr38, SrTmp. Accordingly, these resistance genes can be considered for introduction into the wheat breeding program for immunity in Eastern Siberia, individually or as part of genetic pyramids. A diagnostic panel of primers previously adopted by us for microsatellite repeats of the stem rust genome was used for genotyping material from the Krasnoyarsk Krai and cluster comparative analysis with P. graminis f. sp. tritici isolates from other regions of Russia. On the dendrogram of the genetic distances between different populations, isolates from Eastern Siberia were maximally isolated either from all samples from Western Siberia or both samples from the Volga region and the Central region. As a result of the study, the population of P. graminis f. sp. tritici on bread wheat in the Krasnoyarsk Krai can be characterized as genetically isolated and low virulent with local source of infection. After detecting an outbreak of the disease in the region, regular monitoring of the phytopathological situation with wheat crops in the Krasnoyarsk Krai is necessary.