Numerical modeling reveals structural stability in the orbital configuration of a lunar navigation system, suggesting effective coverage.
Based on the results of numerical modeling and investigation of orbital structures in the lunar dynamic space, this article proposes an original orbital grouping of the lunar global navigation satellite system in quasi-frozen highly elliptical and highly inclined orbits. The proposed grouping has structural stability and provides effective navigation coverage. The search for such a configuration of the lunar GNSS was carried out by varying the positional orbital elements in wide ranges: the semimajor axis from 4 to 12 radii of the Moon, the eccentricity from 0 to 0.7, and the inclination from 40° to 65°.
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V. A. Avdyushev (2025) studied this question.
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