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Assessment of genetic polymorphism in Siberian larch populations shows significant differentiation and genetic distance across habitats.
Using microsatellite markers (SSR), the genetic polymorphism of five coenopopulations of Siberian larch (L. sibirica) growing in the Republic of Khakassia was assessed. The highest values of the average number of alleles per locus were found in coenopopulations of L. sibirica from the steppe meadows of the valley of Lake Fyrkal (3.9 ± 0.458) and forested upland slopes in the valley of Lake Agaskyr (3.9 ± 0.348). The latter cenopopulation is also characterized by the maximum value of the effective number of alleles per locus (2.302 ± 0.283) and the highest rates of observed and expected heterozygosity (HO = 0.487 ± 0.074, HE = 0.492 ± 0.070). Analysis of the population structure indicates a 0.8% excess of heterozygous genotypes relative to the population (FIS = −0.008 ± 0.031) and a 3.4% deficiency of heterozygous genotypes (FIT = 0.034 ± 0.034) relative to the species. The differentiation of the studied cenopopulations of L. sibirica by SSR markers is 4.3% (FST = 0.043). The smallest genetic distance (0.036) was detected between ecotopically most similar (forest) coenopopulations of L. sibirica, and the largest genetic distance (0.077), on the contrary, was identified between ecotopically contrasting (swamp and steppe) coenopopulations.
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N.V. Oreshkova (2025) studied this question.