Intravenous administration of heterodimeric phospholipase A HDP-1 induces arrhythmia and cardiovascular effects in anesthetized rats, highlighting potential risks in toxicity assessment.
Heterodimeric phospholipase A HDP-1 from the venom of Nikolsky viper consists of two non-covalently bound subunits - HDP-1P and HDP-1In, the first of which exhibits lipolytic activity, while the second does not. The subunits have close molecular masses and similar amino acid sequences. Administration of HDP-1 and HDP-1P to anesthetized rats is accompanied by prolonged hypotensive effects, the intensity of which depends on the dose. With the administration of HDP-1P, the effect develops more slowly than in the case of HDP-1 containing both subunits, while individual HDP-1In does not affect hemodynamic parameters. It was found using electrocardiography that HDP-1 and HDP-1P affect the functioning of the rat heart, causing arrhythmia, which may indicate their ability to affect the innervation of the heart. The administration of HDP-1 and its subunits also leads to changes in biochemical blood parameters, indicating their damaging effect on cells and internal organs.
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A.M. Ismailova (2025) studied this question.
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