Nonpharmacological Therapies for Hot Flashes in Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Purpose To evaluate nondrug treatments for hot flashes (HFs) in prostate cancer (PC) patients. Methods Eight databases (Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System) were searched from their inception to May 2025. R software was used to conduct the meta‐analysis. Risk of bias and the overall quality of evidence were assessed using the Risk of Bias 2.0 tool and the Grade Profiler 3.6. Results A total of 5 studies were included, and 4 were eligible for meta‐analysis. Compared to the control group, nonpharmacological therapies showed a small but significant improvement in the severity of HFs ( d = −0.27; 95% CI: −0.81 to 0.26; p = 0.1; I 2 = 57.4%) but was not statistically significant with HFs frequency ( d = 0.2; 95% CI: −0.11 to 0.5; p = 0.34; I 2 = 11.1%). Cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT) showed short‐term reductions in HFs severity and psychological distress, but these benefits diminished over time. One trial reported significant HF frequency reductions with both electroacupuncture and traditional acupuncture, with benefits persisting up to 9 months, though no modality outperformed the other. Dietary interventions (soy protein) yielded inconsistent HFs relief but transient QoL improvements. High heterogeneity in intervention protocols, small sample sizes, and variable outcome measures limited comparability. Adverse events were minimal and mild. Conclusion Nonpharmacological therapies (e.g., CBT and acupuncture) may help alleviate ADT‐related HFs in PC patients. However, the evidence is limited; future large‐scale, high‐quality research is required to verify effectiveness.