Management of Influenza‐Like Syndromes: Expert Consensus on the Use of Paracetamol

Background Influenza‐like syndromes (ILS), characterized by fever, cough, myalgia, and fatigue, present significant challenges in clinical management. Paracetamol (acetaminophen), known for its antipyretic and analgesic properties, is widely used to alleviate these symptoms. This article reports the results of an expert consensus on the efficacy, safety, and appropriate use of paracetamol in managing ILS, particularly in vulnerable populations. Methods A Delphi methodology was employed to gather expert opinions from 72 healthcare professionals, including general practitioners (GPs) and infectious disease specialists. The panelists rated 27 statements on a 5‐point Likert scale, with a consensus threshold set at 66%. Statements covered the efficacy, safety, drug interactions, and patient communication related to paracetamol use in ILS. Results were presented in aggregate form, with specific attention to areas of consensus and divergence. Results The panel reached consensus on 26 out of 27 statements. Paracetamol was unanimously recognized as the preferred treatment for ILS due to its effective symptom control and minimal risk of drug interactions. It was deemed safer for fragile populations, including the elderly and those with multiple comorbidities. Concerns regarding hepatotoxicity were noted mainly in cases of overdose; however, rare cases have been reported even at therapeutic doses in patients with pre‐existing liver disease, where alternative antipyretics may sometimes be considered. Divergence occurred in opinions on the potential immunosuppressive effects of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and the associated risk of bacterial superinfections. Conclusions Paracetamol is a safer and more suitable option for managing ILS. This work highlights the need for further research on its frequent use in specific populations and emphasizes the importance of patient education on appropriate dosing to improve medication safety and compliance.