Evaluating the Accuracy of Vehicle Positioning with PPK‐GNSS Measurements

The integration of precise positioning technologies in transportation systems is increasingly essential for enhancing automation and operational efficiency. Post‐Processing Kinematic (PPK) combined with Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) presents a promising solution for achieving accurate and reliable vehicle position monitoring. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the accuracy and feasibility of PPK‐GNSS in simulated vehicle tracking. Key factors influencing accuracy, such as satellite geometry, atmospheric and multipath errors, and real‐time corrections, are thoroughly examined. To further enhance positioning accuracy, a Kalman filter is applied to refine vehicle trajectory estimations. By analyzing existing research and case study results, this study highlights the advantages of PPK‐GNSS, particularly its capability for high‐precision vehicle tracking in open environments. The findings underscore the potential of PPK‐GNSS in improving highway transportation digitalization, offering valuable insights for the advancement of intelligent transportation systems.