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November 28, 2025PLoS ONEOpen Access

Aging and episodic memory specificity: Evidence challenging a domain-general pattern separation decline

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Authors

AYAriana YoumMCMélanie CohnKDKatherine Duncan

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Overview

Experimental tasks show older adults demonstrate greater memory specificity loss for perceptual items than semantic ones, hinting at discrete age-related deficits.

Key Points

  • Older adults show pronounced deficits in memory specificity for perceptually similar items compared to younger adults, suggesting conditions for aging impact memory.
  • Significant differences were noted in episodic memory performance, with older adults struggling more with mnemonic tasks involving perceptual similarity.
  • The use of independent tasks, the Verbal Discrimination Task and the Verbal Completion Task, provided evidence supporting the divergence of age-related memory impairments.
  • Findings challenge the notion that declines in memory specificity universally stem from a generalized pattern separation deficit.

Cite This Study

Youm et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6928f12ea65b730b9ea7a8e6https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0336045
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Aging and episodic memory specificity: Evidence challenging a domain-general pattern separation decline2025
  2. 2Discrimination of semantically similar verbal memory traces is affected in healthy aging2024 · 7 citations
  3. 3Detail memory for similar short stories among older and younger adults2025
  4. 4Different Object Features Shape Mnemonic Discrimination in Younger and Older Adults2025
  5. 5Differential effects of aging and epilepsy in discriminating and reactivating memories2024