Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge and Behavior Toward Preventing Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections in Intensive Care Units and Dialysis Units

Introduction Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are a significant contributor to hospital-acquired infections, increasing patient morbidity and mortality. Nurses in intensive care units (ICUs) and dialysis departments play a vital role in CLABSI prevention through adherence to evidence-based practices. Understanding their knowledge and behavior is critical to reducing infection rates. Aim To assess the level of knowledge and behavior among ICU and dialysis nurses in Hebron governorate hospitals regarding the prevention of CLABSIs and to examine the relationship between knowledge and preventive behavior. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from January to May 2024 across five hospitals. A total of 131 nurses completed a structured questionnaire measuring knowledge (11 items) and behavior (8 items) regarding CLABSI prevention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis. Results Participants demonstrated a medium level of knowledge ( M = 5.65) and medium behavioral adherence ( M = 3.39) to CLABSI prevention practices. Nearly half (49.6%) exhibited low knowledge levels. The behavior with the highest adherence was the use of sterile transparent dressings ( M = 3.55), while the lowest was timely dressing replacement ( M = 3.28). A statistically significant positive correlation ( r = 0.233, p = .007) was found between knowledge and behavior. Regression analysis confirmed knowledge as a significant predictor of behavior ( p = .007). Conclusion There is a moderate but significant relationship between nurses’ knowledge and their behavior in preventing CLABSIs. Interventions focusing on continuous education and training are essential to improve compliance with prevention guidelines and enhance patient safety.