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Case report reveals treatment options for fistula following upper cervical spine injury, indicating a need for rapid intervention.
Vertebro-vertebral arteriovenous fistula caused by high-energy blunt trauma is extremely rare, but an upper cervical spine injury may trigger it, and retropharyngeal hematoma may sometimes also occur. Transarterial coil embolization of the parent artery to completely obliterate the fistula may be considered a reliable treatment in the acute stage.
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Yoshiya et al. (2025) studied this question.
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