Checkmate the Stress: How Sleep Quality and Engagement Shape Daily Cognitive Adaptability in Elite Chess Players

In cognitively demanding environments, adaptability under pressure is essential but fragile. Drawing on the Job Demands–Resources (JD‐R) framework and the Maximal Adaptability Model, this study explores how work stress, work engagement, and sleep quality interact to shape daily adaptability in elite chess players. Using experience sampling and objective sleep tracking over 30 days during the European Team Chess Championship, we analyzed within‐person dynamics among eight national team players. Multilevel moderated mediation analyses revealed that daily stress reduced engagement, which in turn mediated effects on adaptability. Crucially, sleep quality moderated this process: players translated engagement into adaptability more effectively following higher‐quality sleep. Theoretically, we reconceptualize engagement as a fluctuating bridge linking JD‐R's dual pathways and position sleep as a core psychological resource for adaptive functioning. Practically, our findings emphasize the critical role of sleep in sustaining performance and suggest that recovery‐focused interventions may enhance adaptability in cognitively demanding professional environments.