Effect of Exogenous Amino Acid Use on Plant Growth and Development

Scientific publications for the period 1990–2023 devoted to the study of the effect of exogenous amino acids on the physiological, biochemical, morphometric and molecular genetic parameters of crops, including under conditions of various stresses, were summarized and analyzed. Amino acid preparations are environmentally safe and harmless to agroecosystems. It has been shown that the considered processing methods contribute to the optimization of plant nutrition, improve physiological, biochemical and morphometric parameters, and mitigate the effects of various stresses. Proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids, used in different doses and in different phases of vegetation on various plants (melons, cereals, vegetables, fruits, essential oils, etc.), reduce the incidence of mycoses and bacterioses, have an immunomodulatory effect on plants, contribute to the stabilization of cell membranes, lower the content of reactive oxygen species and improve nutrition with potassium in salinity conditions. The simplest and most suitable methods for practical application in agriculture are foliar processing and priming of seeds. The active dissemination of the considered methods is hindered by an insufficient level of knowledge about the biochemical and physiological processes occurring in seeds and vegetative plants when treated with amino acids. To solve this problem, an integrated and interdisciplinary approach is needed, which will provide for development of practical recommendations for agricultural production.