Neurocognitive Assessment in Children With Prenatal Diagnosis of Apparently Isolated Obliteration of Cavum Septi Pellucidi

Objectives To evaluate the neurological development of children with prenatally detected obliterated cavum septi pellucidi. Methods We analyzed the presence of associated cerebral or extracerebral anomalies at the referral neurosonography and, if available, at the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Those children were then evaluated postnatally by a standardized neurological and neuropsychological assessment. Results We enrolled 16 cases with obliterated CSP. In 2/16 (12.6%) cases, neurosonography identified additional findings. Among the 14 cases in which the obliteration of the CSP was apparently isolated, MRI was performed in 5/14 cases (35.7%) and confirmed the early obliteration of the CSP. In 3/14 cases (21.4%), fluid between the membranes of the septum pellucidum was eventually found in later gestation. We evaluated postnatally 9 children. Neuropsychological findings, adjusted for the patients' varying ages, were within normal limits and neurological development was age‐appropriate in all subjects examined, except for one case, with a severe neurodevelopmental disorder of unknown etiology. Conclusions Obliterated CSP was a transient finding in 20% of cases. Most children demonstrated typical neural development at detailed follow‐up studies, except for one case with severe neurological disability.