Diagnostic challenge of lymphedema in recurrent cellulitis: A case report

Lymphoedema is characterized by the accumulation of protein-rich lymphatic fluid in interstitial tissue, leading to swelling of the affected limb and restricted mobility. Cellulitis is a common skin infection manifested by erythema, edema, and increased temperature, typically resulting from bacterial invasion due to a compromised skin barrier. A 12-year-old female patient had a history of hospitalization due to recurrent cellulitis in the left thigh. Examination revealed a significant difference in circumference between the lower limbs of the patient with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency. Despite normal findings on superficial tissue ultrasound, Doppler ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging, lymphoscintigraphy confirmed the diagnosis of lymphoedema. The patient was subsequently referred to physical therapy and enrolled in a lymphoedema rehabilitation program. The purpose of this case presentation is to raise awareness of lymphoedema, a rare condition in children, particularly in those with recurrent localized infections and underlying health issues.