Evaluating the Effectiveness of Calotropis procera Extract Against Eimeria magna Oocysts and Sporozoites in Rabbits In Vitro

Background Plant products are a reliable source of traditional and contemporary medications. Purpose This research investigates the impact that the Calotropis procera plant has on the Eimeria magna oocysts and sporozoites. Materials and Methods Twelve well-plates of 3 mL containing 1 × 10 4 unsporulated oocysts were revealed to six treatments: 2.5% potassium dichromate solution as the non-treated control, four concentrations of C. procera extract (12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/mL), and toltrazuril 25 mg/mL as traditional medicine, in addition to 250, 500, 750, and 1,000 µg/mL concentrations for anti-sporozoites activities. The mixture was examined (after 24, 48, 72, and 96 h) for oocysticidal activities and after 12 and 24 h for anti-sporozoite activities. Results The results showed that the extract contained five chemical components. The extract exhibited notable inhibition of E. magna oocysts at 100 mg/mL doses, with suppression rates of approximately 89% after 96 h, nearly similar to the utilized reference drug, toltrazuril. While C. procera extract exhibited inhibition, the highest suppression of 89% of E. magna sporozoite viability was observed at a concentration of 1,000 µm/mL at 24 h. The inhibitory rate increases with a more extended incubation duration and a higher concentration ratio. Conclusion The findings demonstrated that C. procera extract possesses inhibitory properties for oocyst sporulation, confirming that using the extract to treat coccidiosis is effective.