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December 4, 2025EMBO Molecular MedicineOpen Access

Typhoid toxin of Salmonella Typhi elicits host antimicrobial response during acute typhoid fever

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Authors

JSJoel B. SheffieldMEMohamed ElGhazalyDODaniel O’Connor

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Overview

Human challenge studies demonstrate Salmonella infection induces oxidative stress and enhances p53-mediated responses, implying a role in reducing bacteraemia.

Key Points

  • Salmonella infection triggers oxidative stress and promotes p53-mediated DNA damage responses.
  • Analysis identified increased secretion of lysozyme and impaired type 3 secretion system during acute typhoid fever.
  • Mechanisms involved include spheroplast formation and suppression of oxidative DNA damage, enhancing antimicrobial defenses.
  • Findings suggest that toxin-induced cellular responses suppress Salmonella bacteraemia in typhoid fever.

Cite This Study

Sheffield et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6930dc92ea1aef094cca2a82https://doi.org/10.1038/s44321-025-00347-8
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