The Evolution of Hackathons as an Innovation Tool: A Systematic Analysis

Hackathons have established themselves as dynamic open innovation spaces that promote interdisciplinary collaboration and creative problem-solving. This systematic review, which follows the PRISMA methodology, synthesizes the findings of 73 articles from Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore, with the aim of analyzing the evolution, impacts, and knowledge gaps surrounding hackathons as an innovation tool. The study identifies a growing trend in their global implementation, with a particular emphasis on skill development, driving innovation, and strengthening entrepreneurial competencies. However, limitations are evident, such as the scarcity of longitudinal studies, the poor assessment of their long-term sustainability, and the geographical concentration of research in technologically advanced countries. Future research should focus on comparing organizational models, measuring long-term results, and including diverse contexts. Our findings underscore the potential of hackathons to boost creativity and entrepreneurship, as well as foster sustainable and collaborative innovation processes.