Formulation and Evaluation of Emulsion-based Herbal-Synthetic Hybrid Shampoo for Scalp Seborrheic Dermatitis

Introduction: Scalp seborrheic dermatitis is a persistent scalp condition frequently linked to an overabundance of Malassezia yeast and is characterised by excessive oil production, dandruff, and irritation. Antifungal and anti-inflammatory drugs used in conventional therapies might cause dryness and irritation if synthetic formulations are used for extended periods. Aim: This study aimed to formulate and evaluate an emulsion-based herbal-synthetic hybrid shampoo for scalp seborrheic dermatitis. This shampoo combines the therapeutic benefits of herbal extracts with synthetic surfactants to effectively control seborrhoeic dermatitis. Materials and Methods: Different herbal extracts and synthetic APIs were incorporated into the herbal–synthetic hybrid shampoo, along with surfactants, co-surfactants, and other shampoo additives. Firstly, an emulsion was prepared using oil and aqueous phase ingredients, followed by shampoo preparation using additive ingredients. discussion: The emulsion-based herbal-synthetic hybrid shampoo had a lot of promise for treating seborrhoeic dermatitis on the scalp by working together. Adding herbs like neem, ajwain, and bitter gourd gave the product antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and relaxing characteristics. Synthetic surfactants made sure that it cleaned well. The steady oil-in-water emulsion helped the therapeutic activity by making the scalp more evenly covered and dispersed. The evaluation factors, such as the best pH (5.5–6.0), acceptable viscosity, and high foam stability, showed that the application was easy to use. In vitro tests showed that regular use resulted in less irritation, peeling, and redness. The hybrid method worked well because it combined the effectiveness of synthetic agents with the safety of herbal ingredients. However, more clinical trials and irritant studies are needed to make sure that it is safe and effective over the long term. Results: The designed shampoo had good physicochemical properties, including a thick, opaque viscosity, a potent essential oil scent, and an orange hue. As the pH (6-7) was within the range suitable for the scalp, there was less chance of discomfort. Its moderate foaming ability (4.4 cm foam height), decent cleaning action, and 21.4% washability ensured that excess oil and dandruff scales were effectively removed, leaving no residue behind. The solid content (23.57%) indicated that the active components were present in sufficient amounts for stability and effectiveness. Discussion: The herbal-synthetic hybrid shampoo exhibited favourable physicochemical properties, effective cleansing, and scalp-friendly qualities, which could make it beneficial for scalp health and treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis. However, further in vivo examination remains necessary. Conclusion: The hybrid shampoo may prove to be a secure and efficient substitute for traditional antifungal therapies. More research is advised to increase its therapeutic value, including clinical assessments and improvements in formulation properties.