Integrative Multi-Omics Deciphering of Gu Shu Kang Granules: A Comprehensive Systems Biology Approach to Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms inSarcopenia-Osteoporosis Intervention

Introduction: Sarcopenia is a degenerative musculoskeletal disease affecting the elderly, significantly impairing patients' quality of life and challenging modern medicine. This study innovatively combines Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theories with modern medical research to explore the mechanisms by which Gushukang granules address sarcopenia. Methods: The research integrated multi-dimensional research methods, including network pharmacology, metabolomics, and animal experiments, to comprehensively investigate the scientific mechanisms of Gushukang granules' intervention in sarcopenia. results: Utilizing multi-omics methods, this research reveals that Gushu Kang granules effectively enhance muscle metabolic balance by regulating significant signaling pathways related to protein synthesis and degradation. Key findings indicate the granules' ability to increase muscle mass and strength through modulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Comprehensive analysis discovered that active compounds within Gushu Kang granules interact with multiple targets involved in muscle growth and repair. Animal experiments corroborate these findings, showing that Gushu Kang granules not only improve muscle morphology and histological characteristics but also regulate critical genes and proteins linked to sarcopenic and osteoporotic conditions. The study provides robust evidence for the efficacy of Gushu Kang granules in enhancing muscle and bone health among older adults. Results: Network pharmacology analysis identified multiple potential targets related to muscle growth and repair. UPLC-Q-TOF MS technology tracked metabolic pathways, while animal experiments verified that Gushukang granules precisely regulate muscle metabolic balance by modulating key signaling pathways involved in protein synthesis and degradation. Discussion: The findings demonstrate the potential of integrating traditional and modern medical approaches in addressing age-related muscle degradation, providing scientific validation for TCM treatment of sarcopenia. Conclusion: This study establishes a model for modernizing TCM research, offering solid scientific evidence for comprehensive intervention of chronic diseases in the elderly and highlighting the TCM concept of “preventing disease before its onset” in modern medical translation.