Management of Mycotc Aneurysm of the Descending Thoracic Aorta with an Aortobronchial Fistula

Infective native aortic aneurysms (INAA), previously known as mycotic aortic aneurysms, present a rare and challenging condition for vascular surgeons. The presence of bronchial communication can further complicate patient management. In contemporary practice, positron emission tomography-computed tomography helps corroborate the diagnosis of mycotic aortic aneurysms, even when cultures are negative. This case report describes the presentation and management of a 76-year-old man with an aortobronchial fistula who underwent surgical treatment. Open repair with thorough debridement of infected tissue and perioperative long-term antibiotic therapy is considered the standard of care for mycotic aortic aneurysms.