This work demonstrates a microsupercapacitor with enhanced capacitance and energy density, integrating photovoltaic cells for efficient energy storage in flexible electronics.
We report a modular, vertically integrated microsupercapacitor (MSC) by developing laser‐induced graphene (LIG) and in situ grown bimetallic metal oxides on liquid crystal polymer substrates. Utilizing spatially confined photothermal synthesis with complementary Ru‐ and Mn‐based precursors, we induce synergistic oxidation reactions to form highly dispersed oxide nanophases within a 3D porous LIG matrix, overcoming the intrinsic capacitance limitations of pristine LIG. Optimized lasing parameters and stoichiometric control yield hierarchically structured electrodes with high electrical conductivity, mechanical resilience, and enhanced charge storage. A through‐via stacking strategy enables vertical MSC assembly with minimal footprint while maintaining sufficient areal energy and power densities. Integration with photovoltaic cells and converter circuits supports rapid charging and stable energy output, even under fluctuating light conditions. Demonstrations across wireless IoT modules, GPS tracker, and pressure‐activated µ‐LED validate device‐level viability for autonomous systems. This work establishes a scalable, current collector‐free, and structurally conformable MSC architecture, offering a promising pathway for next‐generation integrated energy storage in flexible electronics.
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Lee et al. (2025) studied this question.
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