Research on Temperature Dependence and Temperature Self-Adaptability of Laminated Rubber Isolation Bearings

As the rubber constituting laminated rubber isolation bearings is a temperature-sensitive material, its performance is susceptible to temperature disturbances. Firstly, this study systematically analyzed the effects of temperature on the mechanical properties of natural rubber bearings (LNR), lead–rubber bearings (LRB), and high–damping rubber bearings (HDR), including horizontal equivalent stiffness, equivalent damping ratio, and yield load. The variation trends of the mechanical property parameters of the three types of bearings with temperature are basically the same. LNR exhibits a strong linear variation law, while the mechanical properties of HDR bearings are the most sensitive to temperature changes. Secondly, based on the analysis of the temperature characteristics of the mechanical properties of the bearings, the temperature dependence of the seismic mitigation effect of the bearings was further studied. The results show that the displacement response of the isolation layer has the best temperature stability when using LRB bearings, and the displacement response of the superstructure is most susceptible to temperature changes when using HDR bearings. When the temperature is lower than the normal temperature, the displacement responses of isolation systems with different types of bearings all show the characteristic that the lower the temperature, the greater the deviation from the displacement response at normal temperature. Finally, to overcome the influence of temperature, a temperature-controlled isolation rubber bearing integrating laminated rubber isolation bearings with a temperature regulation system was proposed. This can solve the problems that the mechanical properties of rubber bearings deteriorate and the aging rate accelerates in a wide temperature range, which affect their isolation effect and service life. Thus, it endows new theoretical connotations to rubber isolation bearings and has practical application value for engineering seismic resistance.