Effectiveness of Straight‐Wall and Sloped‐Wall House Hold Water Tank Acting as a Tuned Liquid Damper in Mitigating Structural Vibrations: A Dynamic Assessment

This research distinguishes the performance of three types of water tanks, which are acting as tuned liquid dampers (TLDs; i.e., rectangular shape flat‐bottom with straight wall, square shape flat‐bottom with straight‐wall, and square shape flat‐bottom with sloped‐wall tanks) in the same plan area firmly fixed to the upper most part of the G+7 framed structure. High‐rise and flexible structures are increasingly vulnerable to dynamic excitations such as earthquakes and wind, making vibration control a critical design challenge. TLDs offer a cost‐effective passive control solution by utilizing liquid sloshing to dissipate seismic energy. This study investigates the effectiveness of different TLD configurations to enhance structural safety and resilience. The finite element analysis for the computation of the structural assessment of the building frame by rigidly attached water tanks has been carried out using commercial software ABAQUS. The structural displacement due to the introduction of three types of water tanks under several water depth ratios, excitation frequency ratios, and tuning frequency ratios have been studied under three different viscosities of liquid, and the effectiveness of the three water tanks has been determined. Among the three types of TLDs (water tanks), the sloped‐wall TLD operates effectively and greatly reduces the undesired motion of the structure during earthquakes. Among straight wall flat‐bottom TLDs, the rectangular shape performs better in partially filled liquids with different viscosities. This happened due to the long traveling of the sloshing wave in the rectangular flat‐bottom water tank as compared to the squared flat‐bottom under an equal plan area. Sloshing frequency and wave numbers are compared between straight‐wall and sloped‐wall TLDs. A mathematical expression of base shear force for both straight‐wall TLD and sloped‐wall TLD has been derived. A correlation between water depth ratio, tuning frequency ratio, viscosity of liquid, and structural displacement has been established by using regression analysis.