Disease burden and risk factors of neonatal disorders in China from 1990 to 2021: An analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021 data

Objective To investigate temporal trends of Neonatal Diseases(NDs) and their subtypes in China from 1990 to 2021, as well as risk factors of NDs. Methods Using the global Burden of Disease 2021 data, NDs and four subtypes were evaluated through case numbers, disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs), age‐standardized prevalence (ASPR), mortality (ASMR), and Joinpoint analysis: The burden of premature birth (NPB), encephalopathy caused by asphyxia and birth injury (NE), neonatal sepsis and other infections (NS), hemolytic diseases and other jaundice (HD). Results In 2021, the prevalence number and mortality number of NDs in China’s total population were 13, 173, 461 cases and 27,546 cases , ASPR and ASMR were 1034.89/100,000 respectively (95%UI:986.86, 1093.58) and 5.13/100,000 (95%UI:4.39, 6.08), increased and decreased by 1.68% and 81.08% respectively. For specific types of NDs, the burden of NPB decreased, NE and HD increased, while NS showed an “M”‐shaped trend. The burden of death of four types of NDs decreased. The burden of death and DALYs caused by four risk factors decreased. Conclusion In China, prevalence burden of NDs has increased, while mortality has declined. These findings provide a scientific basis for targeted prevention strategies.