Association Between Quality of Sleep, Dietary Intake and Obesity Among Adults in Mandya City: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Sleep is a periodic, reversible physiological condition of unconsciousness that is essential for people's recovery and well being from which a person can be aroused by sufficient stimulus. Sleep problems and obesity are considered an emerging global pandemic. Both the quantity and quality of sleep are crucial for maintaining health and wellbeing. Additionally, one of the main modifiable behavioural risk factors for the development of obesity is an unhealthy diet. Materials and Methods: Anthropometric measurements were used to calculate BMI, which was categorized using Indian standards. Sleep quality was assessed using the PSQI and diet using a pre-tested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and visualizations were employed to examine the association between obesity, sleep quality and diet. Results: The mean BMI of the participants was 27.46±1.59 kg/m² in males and 27.36±1.57kg/m2 in females, with all participants classified as obese per Indian BMI guidelines. In this study it was found that age does not correlate significantly with BMI, PSQI, or Diet. Across all four variables (Age, BMI, PSQI, Diet), p > 0.05, there are no males and females differ statistically significantly. But BMI, PSQI, and Diet scores are all strongly and positively correlated with each other (r values > 0.97, all p < 0.001). This suggests that individuals with higher BMI tend to have higher PSQI (poorer sleep quality) and higher Diet scores (poorer dietary pattern). Thus, this study demonstrated that dietary changes and sleep deprivation cause obesity. Conclusion: The findings highlight a significant relationship between obesity and poor sleep quality in young adults in Mandya City. Given the interplay of dietary habits in influencing both factors, targeted interventions focusing on healthy eating and sleep hygiene may be crucial in mitigating obesity-related health risks.