Correlation of Sclerostin Serum Levels with the Pathogenesis of Coronary Artery Disease

Background: Sclerostin is primarily known for its role in inhibiting bone formation; however, emerging evidence suggests that it may also play a role in vascular health. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a heart condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries. The relationship between sclerostin and CAD is complex and not yet fully understood. The presented study was to investigate a novel perspective on sclerostin by evaluating its levels as a potential marker for diagnosing stable CAD and examining its relationship with cardiac biochemical variables. Materials and Methods: A total of 160 individuals participated in this study, divided into two groups: 80 patients with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) and 80 individuals in the control group. Results: The result showed a highly significant decrease in sclerostin levels in the serum of the patient group (71.256 pg/mL) compared to the control group (98.426 pg/mL). In addition, there was a significant reduction in the level of sclerostin in all patient subgroups compared to the control subgroups, according to age. Additionally, there were significant differences ( P < 0.001) in sclerostin levels between the male and female groups in both patient and control groups. The results showed a negative correlation between sclerostin and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), troponin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and myoglobin, while the relation with albumin and total protein is a positive correlation ( P < 0.01). Conclusion: Sclerostin may play a crucial role in the development of CAD and could serve as a marker for diagnosing and monitoring its progression.