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December 8, 2025BloodOpen Access

Real-world comparative outcomes of CAR-T cell therapy versus pomalidomide-based regimens in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: A propensity-matched cohort study

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Authors

MCMadhu Bhargavi Chandra

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Overview

Retrospective cohort study finds CAR-T therapy lowers mortality but increases hospitalization and toxicity in relapsed myeloma, suggesting careful monitoring is needed.

Key Points

  • To compare outcomes and safety of CAR-T cell therapy versus pomalidomide-based regimens in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.
  • Conducted a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX health research network.
  • Included 437 adults with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma receiving either CAR-T or pomalidomide-based therapy, matched 1:1 based on various factors.
  • Assessed outcomes for 12 months post-therapy, using Kaplan-Meier analysis and hazard ratios.
  • CAR-T therapy resulted in significantly lower all-cause mortality (HR 0.63) versus pomalidomide, despite higher hospitalization risk (HR 4.49).
  • Significant increase in cytokine release syndrome (HR 12.70) and neutropenia (HR 1.94) after CAR-T.
  • Increased risk of B-cell depletion and hypogammaglobulinemia post-CAR-T, with lower incidence of secondary AML (HR 0.34) compared to pomalidomide.

Cite This Study

Madhu Bhargavi Chandra (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/693624d74fa91c937236d168https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2025-5849
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Comparative outcomes of CAR-T therapy in elderly (≥70 Years) versus younger (<70 Years) patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: A real-world propensity-matched cohort study2025
  2. 2Real-world comparison of CAR T-cell therapy versus bispecific antibodies in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma2025 · 1 citations
  3. 3Thromboembolic and cardiovascular events after CAR-T cell therapy in multiple myeloma: A propensity-matched real-world analysis2025
  4. 4Comparative toxicity profile of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy versus bispecific T-cell engagers in multiple myeloma and B-cell lymphomas: A propensity-matched real-world analysis.2026
  5. 5Comparative real-world outcomes of bispecific antibodies versus pomalidomide-based regimens in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: A propensity-matched cohort analysis2025