What question did this study set out to answer?

To compare the short-term outcomes of MDS patients treated with TPO-RAs versus rituximab.

December 8, 2025Blood

Short-term outcomes of rituximab versus thrombopoietin receptor agonists in Myelodysplastic Syndromes: A 90-day propensity-matched analysis using real-world data

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Retrospective analysis shows higher thrombocytopenia and mortality rates with TPO-RAs in MDS, indicating potential safety of rituximab.

To compare the short-term outcomes of MDS patients treated with TPO-RAs versus rituximab.
Retrospective cohort analysis using the TriNetX US Collaborative Network.
Included adults ≥18 years with MDS initiating treatment with TPO-RAs or rituximab.
1:1 propensity score matching based on age, gender, comorbidities, and lab values.
TPO group had higher severe thrombocytopenia rates (44.9% vs. 19.5%, p<0.001).
All-cause mortality was higher in the TPO group (20.0% vs. 13.6%, p<0.001).
Increased risk of intracranial hemorrhage in TPO group (2.6% vs. 0.9%, p<0.001).

Lisa A. Duhaime (2025) studied this question.

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