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December 8, 2025BloodOpen Access

Microbiome and cytokine features are associated with graft-versus-host disease incidence in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation patients

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Authors

JPJenny ParedesJKJennifer KarmouchWTWeimin Tsai

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Overview

Pilot clinical trial shows impact of microbiome and cytokine profiling on graft-versus-host disease incidence in transplant recipients, implying potential mitigation strategies.

Key Points

  • This research examines the relationship between microbiome features, cytokine profiles, and the incidence of graft-versus-host disease in transplant patients.
  • Cohort of 30 patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
  • Half received Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI 588 and half received placebo
  • Stool and serum samples were collected weekly until day +28 post-HCT
  • Shotgun sequencing was used to evaluate microbiome composition
  • Twenty-three cytokines and eight short chain fatty acids were measured and analyzed.
  • Identified five distinct cytokine clusters associated with various GvHD outcomes
  • Higher levels of IL-6 and IL-8 linked to lower alpha diversity and high Enterococcus abundance
  • Patients with acute GvHD displayed enriched levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines by day 7 post-transplant
  • Lower levels of SCFAs, including propionate and butyrate, were found in patients who developed GvHD
  • Negative correlation between Phocaeicola and pro-inflammatory cytokines was observed.

Cite This Study

Paredes et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69362f764fa91c937236e429https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2025-6072
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Microbiome Signature Linked to the Development and Management of Intestinal Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation2025
  2. 2Early gut microbiome metabolites and diversity predict GVHD-free survival after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation2026
  3. 3Multi-omics analysis of a fecal microbiota transplantation trial identifies novel aspects of acute graft-versus-host disease pathogenesis2024 · 14 citations
  4. 4Longitudinal and integrated analysis of oral and stool microbiome in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients.2025
  5. 5Gut microbiota and acute graft-versus-host disease2025