Dynamics of freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates in West African lagoons: Lake Nokoué and Porto-Novo Lagoon complex, Southern Benin

The Lake Nokoué and Porto-Novo Lagoon complex represents the most important Lagoon system in Benin and is influenced by saltwater intrusion during Low water period via Cotonou channel. The main objective was to determine the composition and structure of benthic macroinvertebrates based on their preferred habitat. Samples were collected from 15 stations between November 2022 and October 2023, following the fluctuations of the hydrological regime notably High water (October and November), Low water (January and March) and Slight rise water (June and August). The results reveal a total of 79 species across the entire studied Lagoon complex. For Lake Nokoué, the following abundances were obtained for: strictly freshwater taxa (4.27 %), strictly brackish taxa (44.58 %), and strictly saltwater taxa (11.86 %). In the Porto-Novo Lagoon, the following abundances were recorded for: strictly freshwater taxa (7.78 %), strictly brackish taxa (6.96 %), and strictly saltwater taxa (16.83 %). Regarding the hydrological regime, a predominance of strictly freshwater taxa was noted during the High water period in Lake Nokoué. Furthermore, this predominance was recorded during both High and Low water periods within the Porto-Novo Lagoon. Thus, the variation of these taxa was found to be more pronounced in Lake Nokoué (p<0.01) than in the Porto-Novo Lagoon (p>0.05).