Background: The study of ophthalmic pathology plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of ocular diseases. The discipline is used clinically to detect and diagnose diseases, link clinical findings to their significance, and is used in research to understand the pathophysiology of disease mechanisms-such as those that contribute to the development of glaucoma, the world's second leading cause of blindness-to inform current treatments and managment. Summary: This paper highlights the crucial role of pathology in understanding the pathophysiology of normal-tension glaucoma and childhood glaucoma. It also reviews the use of pathologic specimens to elucidate the mechanisms of bleb complications after trabeculectomy and failure of glaucoma shunts. Key Messages: Studying pathologic changes in ocular tissues remains crucial in understanding glaucoma and can lead to changes in clinical practice, ultimately improving patient care. Correlation of pathological findings in ocular tissues with gene expression and proteomics is one approach to understand the mechanisms leading to glaucoma. The findings from such approach could potentially be applied in precision medicine-based therapy.
Bouhenni et al. (2025) studied this question.