Synergistic Optimization Strategy for Agricultural Zone Microgrids Based on Multi-Energy Complementarity and Carbon Trading Mechanisms

Agricultural and pastoral parks in China possess abundant biomass resources, such as crop straw and livestock manure. However, insufficient distribution generation capacity and a lack of effective coordination strategies lead to low energy utilization efficiency and high carbon emissions. To address these issues, in this study, a coordinated microgrid optimization strategy is proposed based on multi-energy complementarity. A source–load multi-energy coupling model is established by analyzing the dynamic characteristics of biomass energy flow and incorporating a flexible load demand response mechanism. An optimization model aimed at minimizing operational costs is then developed to coordinate heterogeneous energy sources. Simulations under typical wind–solar–load scenarios demonstrate that the proposed strategy improves operational economy by 12.6% and reduces carbon emissions by 23.3% compared to conventional methods through optimized allocation of demand response resources.