Observational analysis highlights metabolic effects and inflammation in HIV patients with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome, suggesting challenges in clinical pharmacology.
As antiretroviral therapy (ART) prolongs lifespans, people with HIV (PWH) face a new syndemic: Cardiovascular‐Kidney‐Metabolic (CKM) syndrome. Yet CKM in PWH is poorly characterized. Inflammation, complex pharmacokinetic (PK) alterations, ART‐associated metabolic effects, and gut dysbiosis amplify risk. Managing CKM increases medication burden, thereby heightening the risk of drug–drug interactions and adverse drug effects. Therefore, CKM in PWH represents an emerging clinical pharmacology priority. We outline gaps and challenges and call for CKM research in PWH.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Devanathan et al. (2025) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: