Experimental validation reveals that four-implant configurations enhance stability in maxillary defects, suggesting preferred use over two-implant setups.
This work represents a novel integration of in vitro mechanical testing and FEA in a model simulating bilateral maxillary defects, providing experimentally validated guidance for implant selection. While all configurations exhibited failure modes confined to replaceable components such as screws, reduced implant groups demonstrated significantly lower mechanical thresholds and earlier failure. A four-implant configuration is therefore strongly recommended for clinical use due to its superior biomechanical stability, whereas two-implant configurations are not advisable in functionally demanding scenarios.
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Bai et al. (2025) studied this question.
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