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December 10, 2025Milbank QuarterlyOpen Access

The 2021 Child Tax Credit and Children's Health and Well‐Being: Evidence From a National Longitudinal Study

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Authors

GWGuangyi WangDCDaniel F. CollinDKDeborah Karasek

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Overview

Analysis reveals Child Tax Credit improved children's behavioral health, suggesting longer cash support may benefit well-being.

Key Points

  • Child behavioral problems decreased by 0.69 points with a $1,000 increase in the Child Tax Credit during monthly payments, indicating positive short-term effects.
  • Findings were based on data from 1,028 children in a national longitudinal study, showcasing the CTC's varied impact on child health based on income and race.
  • The study used fixed‐effects models to account for individual differences in health outcomes pre- and post-expansion, and assessed demographic disparities.
  • Results suggest that policymakers should consider more frequent distributions of cash benefits to sustain improvements in children's health.

Cite This Study

Wang et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69401b3d2d562116f28f80f5https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.70064
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Expansion of Child Tax Credits and Mental Health of Parents With Low Income in 20212024 · 26 citations
  2. 2The effects of an unconditional cash transfer on parents' mental health in the United States2024 · 14 citations
  3. 3Effects of the 2021 Expanded Child Tax Credit2025 · 2 citations
  4. 4Recipients’ Experiences of the Evolving Tax-Based Safety Net: The Case of the 2021 Expanded Child Tax Credit2026
  5. 5The impact of the 2021 Child Tax Credit on perinatal health: Evidence from the Expansion and Post-expiration Periods2026