The accuracy of static computer‐aided implant surgery in four central incisor post‐extraction morphologies: An in vitro study

Purpose To evaluate the accuracy of guided surgery in a healed ridge and various maxillary anterior extraction sockets. Materials and Methods Forty radiopaque urethane resin bone models simulating the maxillary right central incisor were fabricated and divided into four groups ( n = 10 each). Group H (healed ridge), Group L (socket adjacent to labial cortex), Group C (centralized socket), and Group P (socket adjacent to palatal cortex). Models were scanned using a TRIOS 4 intraoral scanner, and CBCT scans were acquired. Implant planning was performed using software (Codiagnostix), and implants were placed with a fully guided static computer‐aided implant surgery (s‐CAIS) protocol. Deviations between planned and actual implant positions were measured in global, bucco‐lingual, and mesio‐distal deviations at the crest and apex. Results Group C showed the greatest global deviation at both the crest (0.83 ± 0.34 mm) and apex (0.98 ± 0.29 mm), whereas Group L showed the lowest global deviations at the crest (0.38 ± 0.17 mm) and apex (0.49 ± 0.26 mm). Angular deviation was highest in Group H (2.91° ± 1.37°) and lowest in Group C (1.87° ± 1.11°). Depth deviations were not statistically different. One‐way ANOVA revealed socket morphology significantly influenced global, labial‐palatal, and mesial‐distal deviations at both crest and apex levels ( p < 0.05), with Group L showing superior apical accuracy ( p < 0.001). Conclusions Socket morphology significantly affects s‐CAIS accuracy. Centralized sockets showed greater positional deviations, particularly at the crest. Socket morphology should be carefully considered during virtual treatment planning for immediate implant placement.