Rehabilitation Interventions for Hand Burn Injuries: A Systematic Review of Functional and Psychological Outcomes

Burn injuries to the hands often lead to joint contractures and scarring, resulting in significant functional and cosmetic challenges that can cause disability and psychological distress. The changes in the hand’s natural shape and architecture can disrupt daily activities and diminish aesthetic appeal, complicating reintegration into societal and work environments. Although these injuries typically do not impact survival rates, the functional restoration and aesthetic rehabilitation of burnt hands are crucial. This study systematically evaluated the effectiveness of various rehabilitation interventions designed to prevent disability after hand burn injuries. Interventions included splinting, scar management, pressure garments, paraffin wax therapy, hands-free gaming devices, therapeutic ultrasound, physical therapy, and occupational therapy, aimed at enhancing cosmetic and functional outcomes. Additionally, psychosocial interventions such as counseling and cognitive-behavioral therapy were explored to address psychological issues, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder among affected individuals. A comprehensive literature search of four medical databases PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Medline, and Hinari yielded 268 articles, from which 14 relevant studies were selected for final screening. These included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized controlled trials, providing insights into effective techniques and positive outcomes. However, the studies also highlighted concerns regarding the duration and intensity of rehabilitation programs, as well as issues related to sample size. In conclusion, while existing rehabilitation measures are vital for improving long-term outcomes following hand burn injuries, further research is needed to address these limitations comprehensively.